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The Falcon 9 is a reusable 2-stage rocket manufactured by SpaceX and is a reusable payload launch vehicle for safely transporting people and cargo into Earth orbit.
Falcon 9's first launch took place on June 4, 2010, and was the first American rocket to send supplies into space for a commercial mission. It was on October 8, 2012. SpaceX was able to reduce the costs of space access by being able to reuse the expensive part of the rocket.
The 70-meter tall Falcon 9 rocket has a diameter of 3.7 meters or 12 feet. The total mass is about 549000 kg and this rocket can carry a mass of about 22800 kg to a lower earth orbit and a mass of about 8300 kg to a geostationary orbit and a mass of about 4000 kg to Mars as a payload.
This rocket has 2 stages. The first stage also contains nine Marlin engines, landing legs, rocket-grade ground fuel, and lithium-aluminum alloy tanks containing liquid oxygen. Falcon 9 These 9 Marlin engines generate more than 7.56 million newtons of thrust at sea level. This booster can land vertically for ease of reuse. It had successfully completed 254 landings by January 30, 2024. Also, the second stage is powered by 1 Merlin Vacuum Engine. It produces a force of 8.54 lakh newtons at sea level. Also, the payload carried by Falcon 9's second stage is taken to its required orbit.
And the Falcon 9's Innerstage is a connector that connects its second and first stages and allows the first and second stages to separate in flight. Also, the 4 hypersonic grid fins at the base of the Innerstage are used to vary the center of pressure during the rocket's reentry.